Scott Carter North Dakota State University

Publish Date: March 25, 2010

Energy fuels maintenance, growth, reproduction and lactation processes and physical activity. Total energy content of a feed ingredient (gross energy) is determined by its chemical composition and is the sum of the gross energies of carbohydrate, fat, and protein fractions. The proportion of gross energy utilized by the animal is dependent on energy digestibility and how the energy is utilized by the animal. Energy concentration represents the largest cost component of swine diets. Thus, information regarding energy values of feed ingredients and their contribution to the diet is of particular importance to reduce diet costs and maximize pig performance.

Publish Date: March 25, 2010

Pigs require energy (from carbohydrates, lipids and protein), amino acids, minerals, vitamins and water for body maintenance, growth, pregnancy, and lactation. Each of these essential nutrients must be provided in adequate amounts and in forms that are palatable and efficiently utilized throughout the life-cycle of the pig in order for it to maximize genetic potential.…

Publish Date: June 3, 2006

A wide variety of choices is available in farrowing units—from the A-frame portable building on pasture to the environmentally-controlled central farrowing unit with slotted floors. Although good management and proper environment are the most important requirements for a successful farrowing operation, well-planned and properly constructed buildings and equipment make both easier.